Januardi, Sangko Marcel (2025) Analisis Perbandingan Perancangan Underbalanced Drilling Antara Fluida Aerasi Dan Foam Pada Sumur Panas Bumi X Menggunakan Drilling Simulator. Other thesis, Universitas Islam Riau.

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Abstract

Geothermal well "X" is characterized by low formation pressure and abundant natural fractures, making drilling operations prone to influx, lost circulation, and pressure instability if the fluid system is not properly designed. These conditions present a primary challenge in achieving safe underbalanced conditions, particularly when selecting between two-phase fluids such as aerated fluid and foam. While aerated fluid offers advantages in maintaining bottom-hole pressure, foam excels in maintaining overall well pressure stability. Therefore, this study aims to design and analyze the performance of both fluid types regarding bottom-hole pressure stability and cuttings transport capability using the Landmark WellPlan drilling hydraulics simulation software. The data utilized includes pressure, temperature, fluid properties, well geometry, and cuttings data. The analysis process encompasses the design of Underbalanced Drilling (UBD) parameters, calculation of Bottom Hole Circulating Pressure (BHCP), determination of the gas-liquid rate window, and evaluation of the Cutting Transport Ratio (CTR) based on variations in foam quality and gas injection rates. Simulations were conducted across several scenarios to identify parameter combinations that yield stable and safe underbalanced conditions. Comparisons were made regarding pressure parameters, two-phase flow behavior, and cuttings lifting efficiency. Based on the analysis results, aerated fluid demonstrated a significant decrease in density with increased gas injection; however, this condition resulted in larger BHCP fluctuations, potentially compromising hydraulic stability. Conversely, foam fluid exhibited the ability to maintain flow uniformity, thereby sustaining more stable pressure and enhancing cuttings transport capability. Furthermore, foam demonstrated the ideal output for underbalanced drilling using a combination of a pump rate of 800 gpm and a gas injection rate of 1100 scfm with a foam quality of 72%. This configuration produced a BHCP of 2747 psi a difference of only 3 psi from the target pressure—indicating that lost circulation can be avoided, alongside a Cutting Transport Ratio of 91-93%, which indicates effective cuttings removal. With proper parameter design, the use of foam proves to be more effective and safer for underbalanced operations in geothermal well "X" compared to aerated drilling.

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