Studi Laboratorium Awal Karakteristik Minyak Atsiri Kulit Jeruk Manis (Citrus Sinensis) Sebagai Bahan Alternatif Surfaktan Pada Metode Produksi Minyak Tahap Tersier

Daniati, Arik (2020) Studi Laboratorium Awal Karakteristik Minyak Atsiri Kulit Jeruk Manis (Citrus Sinensis) Sebagai Bahan Alternatif Surfaktan Pada Metode Produksi Minyak Tahap Tersier. Other thesis, Universitas Islam Riau.

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Abstract

Surfactant flooding is one type of EOR which has the concept of reducing the surface tension between two immiscible fluids. The essential oil of sweet orange peel (citrus sinensis) contains a methyl ester group found in the pectin of sweet orange peel so that it has the potential as a raw material for making MES surfactants by transesterification and sulfonation processes. This research is focused on testing the MES characteristics of the essential oil of orange peel in the form of density, viscosity, pH, acid number and compatibility tests. The surfactant preparation was carried out by transesterification and sulfonation processes using H2SO4 reactants. Density testing is carried out using a pycnometer by calculating the difference in weight of the pycnometer filled with MES and empty pycnometer followed by distributing the difference in weight between the two with the pycnometer volume. After that, it was continued with viscosity testing using an ostwald viscosimeter to determine the viscosity of the MES then followed by a surfactant pH test using a pH stick. After the pH test, it is continued with the acid number test to find out how much NaOH is used to neutralize one gram of MES MAKJ. Finally, compatibility testing was carried out using surfactants with a concentration scenario (0.1%; 0.3%; 0.5%, 0.7%, and 1%) for brine 15,000 ppm with temperature variations of room’s temperature and 60 ̊C. Based on the density and viscosity test, it turns out that the density of MAKJ has decreased after the transesterification and sulfonation processes into MES MAKJ due to the addition of methanol which resulted in a decrease in density to 0.9 g / cm3 and viscosity of 1.36 cP then after being compared with the density and viscosity of commercial MES and SLS, both the density and viscosity of MES MAKJ are lower due to the low molecular weight of the material. In the pH test, the MES MAKJ value was maintained the same as the commercial MES and SLS, namely a neutral value of 7 according to the surfactant injection screening on the EOR. In testing the MES MAKJ acid number which is 3.048% has a lower acid number value than the commercial MES and SLS which indicates that MES MAKJ is better because the fatty acid content is less than the two types of commercial surfactants. Compatibility test results with various scenarios also get compatible overall results.

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