Gunawan, Inra (2023) Analisis Faktor-faktor yang Mempengaruhi Kecelakaan Kerja Pada Usaha Hutan Tanaman PT. Riau Andalan Pulp and Paper (Pendekatan Konsep Safestart). Masters thesis, Universitas Islam Riau.

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Abstract

Analysis of Factors That Influencing Work Accidents in Forest Plantation PT Riau Andalan Pulp and Paper (SAFESTART Concept Approach). This research was guided by Prof. Dr. H. Detri Karya, SE., M.A. and Dr. Azharuddin M. Amin, M.Sc. The number of work accidents in Forest Plantation of PT RAPP has tended to fluctuate over the last 3 years and there are still work accidents with fatality consequences so the company's zero fatality target not being achieved, while the company already has an OHS Policy, an OHS Manual , an OHS Standard Operating Procedure (SOP), Safety Golden Rule, the latest HIRADC (Hazard Identification Risk Assessment Determine Control) and conduct JSA (Job Safety Analysis) for new jobs and companies since 2005 already implemented the Occupational Safety and Health Management System (SMK3), namely OHSAS 18001/ISO 45001 as voluntary and the SMK3 scheme of Ministry of Manpower RI as mandatory as well as other international sustainability certifications. This study aims to determine: (1) Characteristics of workers at PT RAPP, (2) Work accidents based on activities, consequences and state, (3) Relationship between worker characteristics and work accidents, (4) Relationship between state of rushing, fatigue, stress and complacency with work accidents, (5) The state effect of rushing, fatigue, stress and complacency to work accidents, (6) Work accident prevention strategies at PT RAPP. The results showed that the age of the majority of PT RAPP workers was in the range of 18-30 years old (51%), dominated by male (74%), the highest level of education was senior high school (43%) with dominant working period under 2 years (68%) and the largest composition of workers are contractor workers (71%). PT RAPP work accidents for the 2019-2021 period based on activities, namely mobilization (29.75%), felling with chainsaw machines (15.82%), weeding (13.92%), maintenance (10.76%) and bucking (8.86%). Based on the consequences or severity, there were 3.8% fatality, 2.5% loss time injury, 57.6% medical aids and 36.1% first aid. Meanwhile based on state, complacency was the highest at 55.1% followed by rushing at 31.7% and fatigue at 7.6%, stress at 2.5%, and other combinations between states. Workers who have the highest work accidents were contractor workers, 124 people (78%), the remaining 34 employees (22%). Age, gender, education and long of service of workers have an important influence to work accidents. Workers who have the highest work accidents occur at young ages 18-30 years old, male, senior high school education level and working period under 2 years. Doing work in a state of rushing, fatigue, stress and complacency can potentially cause work accidents. About 17% of PT RAPP's workers have the potential to work accidents because they work in rushing. Around 27% of PT RAPP workers have the potential to work accidents because they work in fatigue. About 25% of PT RAPP workers have the potential to work accidents because they work in stress. There are 3% of PT RAPP workers who have the potential to work accidents because they work in complacency. The most dominant state affecting work accidents is complacency, followed by rushing, fatigue, stress. Indicators of rushing variables that affect work accidents are doing work with short cuts and speeding up to completing work when you want to urinate / defecate, ahead of the weekend and before the end of the work contract. Based on the T-statistic test, Rushing has a positive effect on work accidents but not significant. Rushing has a positive and significant relationship to fatigue with a Tstatistic value of 5.777, so the null hypothesis is rejected. Likewise, Rushing has a positive and significant relationship to stress with a T-statistic value of 2.642, the null hypothesis (H0) is rejected. An indicator of the fatigue variable that affects work accidents is when you feel sleepy, you continue to do the work you have been assigned and keep doing work until late at night (overtime) even though your body is tired. Based on the statistical T-test, fatigue has a positive effect on work accidents but not significant. Indicators of stress variables that affect work accidents are feeling the workload is excessive and exceeding the limits of physical & psychological capabilities, feeling forced to work in remote areas and lacking facilities so that they feel alienated, lack of praise or appreciation from superiors so they feel unappreciated at work, feel that do not have time for periodic rest. The results of the statistical T-test show that stress has a positive effect on work accidents but not significant. While Stress on Fatigue T statistics 0.861 means that stress has a positive effect on fatigue but is also not significant. An indicator of the complacency variable that affects work accidents is feeling that Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) hinders work so it is rarely used. The results of the validity and reliability tests, the highest loading factor, AVE (Average Variance Extracted), Composite reliability and croncah's alpha values are shown by the complacency variable indicator, which is 1,000. The Complacency variable has a positive and significant influence on work accidents, where the resulting T-statistic value is 2.440, meaning that the Complacency variable is a factor that influences work accidents, the null hypothesis is rejected. Work accident prevention strategies based on indicators that have a positive influence on work accidents are keeping your eyes and mind on the task, avoiding being in danger and imbalance, understanding self-triggers in dangerous states or energy, conducting near miss analysis (close call/nearmiss). and small errors, work on rut, test footing or grip before doing so, move eyes before moving hands and feet, move eyes back on road quickly if disturbed, look for potential line-of -fire) before moving (such as limited, narrow view, etc.), And work accident prevention strategies using a hierarchical approach to hazard control and SAFESTART are through (1) Control of rushing: improving driving safety on company forest roads such as making road separators, installing speed devices limiters on logging trucks & pool cars, installing GPS in every logging car, installing speed monitors and installing CCTV in certain places and implementing zero ODOL (Over Dimension and Over Loading) for wood transportation; (2) fatigue control through the installation of fatigue sensors and provision of Stop Points for timber transport drivers to rest (3) stress control: happiness, balancing work and family, having work facilities & a decent place to live; (4) complacency control: conducting Safety Daily Briefing, Safety Daily Inspection, consistently implementing K3 Policy, K3 SOP and Safety Golden Rule, having fundamental & focused operations SQPC (Safety Quality Productivity Cost), conduct measurement & analysis of leading indicators, substitution from manual to mechanical work and digital transformation and everyone consistently implements NOSA (No Safety No Activity).

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