Karakteristik Fenotip dan Genotip Kedelai Hitam (Glycine soja (L.) Merr) Varietas Detam 1 Hasil Poliploidisasi dengan Kolkisin”.

Fathurrahman, Fathurrahman Karakteristik Fenotip dan Genotip Kedelai Hitam (Glycine soja (L.) Merr) Varietas Detam 1 Hasil Poliploidisasi dengan Kolkisin”. -. (Unpublished)

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Abstract

The enhancement of soybean plant mutagenesis to obtain phenotypic and genotypic diversity is an essential process in agriculture. This process is often carried out to augment population traits using various methods and produce high-quality mutants. Therefore, this study aims to analyze effect of colchicine concentration on phenotypic (growth, stomata anatomy) and genotypic characteristics of black soybean from Detam-2 variety. The study procedures were carried out from January to June 2023 in the experimental field of the Faculty of Agriculture, Universitas Islam Riau, Pekanbaru, Indonesia. A total of 600 plants were studied, consisting of 200 controls and 400 samples treated with 3500 ppm of colchicine. Growth analysis was performed using the DMRT statistical test at p<0.05 and stomata analysis was carried out with T-test. Genotypic characteristics assessment used RAPD markers, and cluster observations were made using Jaccard's coefficient of similarity. The results showed that mutant-1 had the highest production, with a total of 235 pods, 233 fertile pods, 93.20 grams seed weight, and significant differences from the controls. Mutant-2 had the best 100 dry seed weight of 12.80 grams, and dry seed weight per plant of 63.30 grams, but not significantly different from the control. Stomata density characteristics were higher in the controls, while stomata length and width were higher in mutant samples. Furthermore, leaf types in mutant samples included normal, purple stems, and curly leaves. The results showed that primer OPAA-01 produced a different number of DNA bands. For mutant-3, lines 10 and 12 detected 9 DNA bands, while line 11 detected 4 bands, which was the lowest polymorphism among the treated samples. Primer OPAA-02 showed lower DNA bands in all mutant compared to the controls. In this study, primer OPAA-09 detected polymorphism in mutant-3, while others had fewer DNA bands. The highest genetic similarity analysis result was 0.961 among the controls, while the lowest was 0.451 between mutant-1 and the controls. Based on the results, the dendrogram produced two groups, namely control and mutant-1

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