Pengaruh Perlakuan Alkali Terhadap Kekuatan Sifat Mekanis Papan Komposit Berpenguat Serat Tebu Bermatriks Polyester Bqtn 157

Prasetiyo, Haris (2022) Pengaruh Perlakuan Alkali Terhadap Kekuatan Sifat Mekanis Papan Komposit Berpenguat Serat Tebu Bermatriks Polyester Bqtn 157. Other thesis, Universitas Islam Riau.

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Abstract

Composite technology continues to develop with the use of natural fibers (Natural Fiber). One of the natural fibers that are quite abundant in Indonesia is sugarcane fiber. This study aims to make a composite board made from sugarcane fiber which is treated with alkali and bonded by polyester resin. In this study, the alkali variations were treated with values of 0%, 10%, 20% and 30% and the composition of fiber and resin 50%: 50%. The results of weighing sugar cane fiber after being given alkaline treatment of 0%, 10% and 20% there was a decrease in weight, namely 20 grams, 18.08 grams, 17.03 grams. While the weight of sugarcane fiber was treated with 30% alkali, an increase of 17.15 grams. The test results of tensile strength, bending and impact values of composite boards at 0%, 10% and 20% alkali treatment showed a linear increase, while there was a decrease in tensile strength, bending and impact test results at 30% alkali treatment. The highest value of tensile strength, bending and impact values in 20% alkali treatment were 18.9 MPa, 38.36 MPa and 0.395 Joule/mm2. Due to the alkali treatment of the fiber, it reduces the weight of the fiber due to chemical degradation (dissolving the waxy coating on the surface of the fiber such as lignin, hemicellulose and other impurities) which causes the fiber to decompose easily. Meanwhile, in alkaline treatment which is too large chemically, the cellulose content increases, resulting in an increase in weight. But it is not so good for the mechanical properties of composite boards. The results of macro observations showed that the color of the fiber was getting darker (brown in color) with 30% alkaline treatment.

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