Microwave-Assisted Solvothermal Liquefaction of Kenaf Stalks for Bio-oil Production

Ramli, Anita and Kin, Lai Weng and Anuar, Nur Akila Syakida Idayu Khairul and Yunus, Normawati M. and Rahman, Nurul Jannah Abd (2020) Microwave-Assisted Solvothermal Liquefaction of Kenaf Stalks for Bio-oil Production. Proceedings of the 6th International Conference on Fundamental and Applied Sciences.

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Abstract

In this study, microwave-assisted solvothermal liquefaction was investi�gated to produce bio-oil from Kenaf stalks. Optimization of process parameters was performed using concentrated sulfuric acid as catalyst at biomass to solvent ratio of 1:10, catalyst loading of 10% and microwave power of 300 W with constant stir�ring at 200 rpm. The maximum bio-oil yield of 87% was achieved at temperature of 180 °C for duration of 20 min, in which ethanol was used as solvent. Different types of catalysts were also tested to produce bio-oil at the optimum process conditions. It was found that synthesized ionic liquid [BMIM][Cl] catalyst could give the highest quality of bio-oil in terms of heating value (26.55 MJ/kg) with considerable bio-oil yield

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